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Essential Paediatric Orthopaedic Decision Making
A Case-Based Approach
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Book Description
This collection of practical Case reports provides a concise guide to managing a wide spectrum of orthopaedic conditions in children. Strategies for determining an optimum management approach to follow in any given situation are provided, and are supported with clinical illustrations and guidelines.
Sixty challenging clinical scenarios are presented, from malunion of a tibial fracture to pseudarthrosis of the tibia, after failed primary surgery. Each case is approached in a systematic manner with a background history, key features of physical examination and a series of questions.The questions lead to the goals of surgery, followed by a list of options for the management of each case. The option chosen by the surgeon is then presented, usually with intraoperative, clinical and radiographic illustrations. The majority of cases have substantial follow-up to illustrate the wisdom of the surgical decision-making, the surgical skill employed and the diligent post-operative care and follow-up.
Trainees in pediatric orthopaedics and those sitting their final specialty examination will find this Case-based approach helps to anchor both their understanding and retention of key concepts.
Table of Contents
Details of Authors
Foreword by Dr. Catterall
Foreword by Professor Graham
Foreword by Professor Wilkins
Preface
DEFORMITIES
1. Equinus Deformity
Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam
2. Equinovarus
Nick Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam
3. Calcaneus Deformity
Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam
4. Cavovarus Deformity
David A Spiegel
5. Congenital Vertical Talus
Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam
6. Planovalgus Deformity
Leo Donnan
7. Valgus Deformity of the Hindfoot
Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph
8. Congenital Pseudarthrosis of the Tibia
Benjamin Joseph and Hitesh Shah
9. Congenital Posteromedial Bowing of the Tibia
Nick Green and James A Fernandes
10. Tibial Torsion
Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam
11. Flexion Deformity of the Knee
Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph
12. Genu Recurvatum
Hitesh Shah
13. Genu Varum
Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam
14. Genu Valgum
Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam
15. Coxa Vara
Leo Donnan
16. Femoral Anteversion
Leo Donnan
17. Valgus Deformity of the Wrist
Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph
18. Scoliosis
David A Spiegel
19. Kyphotic Deformity of the Spine
David A Spiegel
20. Torticollis
Hitesh Shah
DISLOCATIONS
21. Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
Randall T Loder
22. Paralytic Hip Dislocation: Cerebral Palsy
David A Spiegel
23. Paralytic Dislocation of the Hip: Poliomyelitis
Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph
24. Teratologic Dislocation of the Hip: Multiple Congenital Contractures
Hitesh Shah
25. Post-Infective Hip Dysplasia
Hitesh Shah
26. Congenital Dislocation of the Knee
Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph
27. Congenital Dislocation of the Patella
Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph
28. Radial Head Dislocation
Nick Green and James A Fernandes
DIAPHYSEAL BONE LOSS
29. Diaphyseal Bone Loss of the Radius
Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph
DEFICIENCIES
30. Fibular Hemimelia
Caroline M Blakey and James A Fernandes
31. Tibial Hemimelia
Nick Green and James A Fernandes
32. Congenital Short Femur and Proximal Focal Femoral Deficiency
Nick Green and James A Fernandes
33. Distal Focal Femoral Deficiency
Caroline M Blakey and James A Fernandes
34. Radial Club Hand
Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam
35. Ulnar Club Hand
Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam
DISCREPANCIES OF LIMB LENGTH
36. Discrepancy in Length of the Femur
Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam
37. Length Discrepancy of the Tibia
Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam
38. Discrepancy of the Length of the Fibula
Caroline M Blakey and James A Fernandes
39. Length Discrepancy of the Metatarsals
Caroline M Blakey and James A Fernandes
40. Discrepancies of Length in the Forearm
Christopher Prior, Nicholas Peterson, Selvadurai Nayagam
DECREASED JOINT MOBILITY
41. Congenital Radio-Ulnar Synostosis
Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam
42. Tarsal Coalition
Leo Donnan
43. Contracture of Muscles of the Lower Limb: Quadriceps Contracture Secondary to Osteomyelitis of the Femur
Benjamin Joseph and Hitesh Shah
44. Contracture of Muscles of the Upper Limb: Severe Volkmann’s Ischaemic Contracture of the Forearm
Binu P Thomas
LOWER MOTOR NEURON PARALYSES
45. The Paralysed Knee
Benjamin Joseph and Hitesh Shah
46. The Paralysed Foot
Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph
47. The Paralysed Shoulder in the Child
Hitesh Shah
48. The Paralysed Elbow: Management of Extensor Paralysis
Binu P Thomas
49. The Paralysed Upper Limb: Traumatic Total Brachial Plexus Injury with Partial Recovery
Binu P Thomas
50. The Paralysed Hand: Ulnar and Median Nerve Palsy
Binu P Thomas
UPPER MOTOR NEURON PARALYSIS
51. The Spastic Foot and Ankle: Spastic Equinovarus Foot
David A Spiegel
52. The Spastic Knee: Knee Flexion in Spastic Cerebral Palsy
David A Spiegel
53. The Spastic Hip: Hip Flexion in Spastic Cerebral Palsy
David A Spiegel
54. The Spastic Forearm and Hand
Hitesh Shah and Benjamin Joseph
EPIPHYSEAL AND PHYSEAL PROBLEMS
55. Infantile Tibia Vara (Blount’s Disease)
Randall T Loder
56. Perthes Disease
Benjamin Joseph and Hitesh Shah
57. Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)
Randall T Loder
58. Physeal Bar
Nicholas Peterson, Christopher Prior, Selvadurai Nayagam
INFECTIONS
59. Acute Osteomyelitis
Hitesh Shah
60. Acute Septic Arthritis
Hitesh Shah
Index
Editor(s)
Biography
Benjamin Joseph, MS (Orth), MCh Orth, FRCS Ed, adjunct professor of paediatric orthopaedics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; and consultant paediatric orthopaedic surgeon Aster Medcity, Kochi, India
Selvadurai Nayagam, BSc, MCh(Orth), FRCS Ed (Trauma and Orth), consultant orthopaedic surgeon, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital; and honorary reader, University of Liverpool, UK
Randall T. Loder, MD, garceau professor of orthopaedic surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis; and chief of orthopaedics, James Whitcomb Riley Children’s Hospital, Indianapolis, USA